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Rupture strength of living cell monolayers

dataset
posted on 2024-10-03, 12:31 authored by Guillaume CharrasGuillaume Charras, Julia Duque Lloredo, Emma FerberEmma Ferber, Jonathan Fouchard, Alexandre Kabla, Alessandra Bonfanti, Elias H. Barriga

To fulfil their function, epithelial tissues need to sustain mechanical stresses and avoid rupture. While rupture is usually undesired, it is central to some developmental processes, for example blastocoel formation. Nonetheless, little is known about tissue rupture because it is a multiscale phenomenon that necessitates comprehension of the interplay between mechanical forces and biological processes at the molecular and cellular scales. Here we characterise rupture in epithelial monolayers using mechanical measurements, live imaging and computational modelling. We show that, despite consisting of only a single layer of cells, monolayers can withstand surprisingly large deformations, often accommodating several-fold increases in their length before rupture. At large deformation, epithelia increase their stiffness multiple fold in a process controlled by a supracellular network of keratin filaments. Perturbing keratin network organisation fragilized monolayers and prevented strain-stiffening. Although the kinetics of adhesive bond rupture ultimately control tissue strength, tissue rheology and the history of deformation set the strain and stress at the onset

of fracture.

Funding

Molecular and cellular determinants of cell monolayer mechanics

European Research Council

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BBSRC sLOLA BB/V019015/1

The mechanics of epithelial tissues

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

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The mechanics of epithelial tissues

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

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A novel experimental tool to investigate the mechanics of cell monolayers at tissue, cellular, and subcellular scales

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

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ERC Starting Grant 950254

EMBO installation grant 4765

La Caixa Junior Leader Incoming 94978

Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia and Fundacao Calouste Gulbenkian grant I-411133.01

F FCT PhD Fellowship UI/BD/152259/2021

DFG EXC 2068, 390729961, Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden

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